For us lay people who might be easily misled by journalists’ claims about scientific studies, here is some advice from Dr. Alex B. Berezow of the RealClearScience web page, “20 Tips for Analyzing Claims of a Scientific Study.” It is a summary of a Nature article by William J. Sutherland, David Spiegelhalter and Mark A. Burgman called “Twenty Tips for Interpreting Scientific Claims,” 503: 335-337, 21-Nov-2013, doi:10.1038/503335a. Berezow adds a 21st tip: “Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence!”
HT Teresa Collett